Kinesiology Gait Practice Test

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• What is the definition of midswing?
• Which parameter primarily indicates lateral stability during walking?
• What is the definition of midstance?
• What is the functional consequence of rocker mechanisms during stance?
• What are spatial descriptors of gait?
• Which phase ends with opposite side initial contact?
• During loading response, what occurs at the ankle?
• What is the primary functional role of the ankle joint in gait during stance and push-off?
• What are the critical events of initial swing?
• The center of pressure vector points toward which reference?
• Which gait period occurs immediately before the initial swing?
• Midstance ends at which event?
• How do orthotics influence knee varus/valgus moments?
• What is the ankle position during mid swing?
• Velocity is best described as which of the following?
• Cadence is categorized as which type of gait descriptor?
• What is the prerequsite of early stance gait?
• Which of the following is a rocker corresponding to heel strike and the foot eccentrically lowering?
• Which action characterizes the 3rd rocker in terms of ankle motion?
• How does neuromuscular coordination influence gait variability and stability?
• Velocity is defined as which of the following?
• End of midswing is marked by what?
• What percentage of gait is midswing?
• If there is no muscle tone during the first rocker, which event can occur?
• Which of the following correctly lists the two main phases of the gait cycle and their subphases?
• What is the definition of initial swing?
• What are typical normative values for adult walking velocity and cadence?
• How does ankle plantarflexor weakness influence knee and hip kinematics during stance?
• What are the gait periods of early stance?
• Gait symmetry is commonly disrupted by limb-length discrepancy by causing which change?
• Which of the following is NOT a swing period in gait prep and swing gait?
• Explain how cadence and step length interact to determine velocity.
• How would you interpret a markedly reduced second vertical GRF peak in stance?
• Loading response ends at which event?
• What pattern is characterized by a short stance phase on the painful limb?
• Which statement is NOT a typical age-related gait change?
• How does gait retraining with task-specific practice influence rehabilitation outcomes after neurological injury?
• What are the prerequisites of swing prep and swing gait?
• Which pairing correctly matches a gait phase to its percentage range?
• What percentage of gait is preswing?
• What device is used to assist dorsiflexion in drop-foot gait?
• The 3rd rocker occurs in which part of the stance phase?
• Two mechanisms of energy conservation?
• An ankle-foot orthosis primarily reduces compensations at which joints during gait?
• Two progressive forces of gait?
• What is the contribution of upper body movement to gait propulsion?
• During which gait phase is double limb support a key event?
• Does center of mass move during the gait cycle?
• Step length is defined as the distance between which reference points when both feet are in contact with the ground?
• The 3rd rocker is most associated with propulsion during which part of stance?
• Which is NOT an effect of an ankle-foot orthosis (AFO) on gait?
• Which of the following options correctly lists the three subphases of the swing phase?
• Which statement about energy conservation in gait is true?
• Step length and stride length are examples of which gait descriptors?
• Which compensatory strategy is commonly used to clear the foot in drop-foot during swing?
• What is the primary role of plantarflexors during push-off?
• The second rocker is best described by which statement?
• What are the gait periods of mid/late stance?
• Toe-walking gait is described as forefoot contact with minimal heel strike. In which pediatric conditions is it commonly seen?
• Which phase includes plantar flexion with concentric plantar flexors?
• Vaulting and circumduction are typically observed during which period of gait?
• What is the typical effect of diabetic peripheral neuropathy on gait?
• What is circumduction in gait and in which conditions is it commonly used as a compensatory mechanism?
• What are the critical events of terminal stance?
• What are the critical events of pre swing gait phase?
• Which sequence correctly describes the three rockers from heel strike to forefoot?
• During the 3rd rocker, which muscle action is occurring?
• What is the typical impact of knee osteoarthritis on gait parameters?
• What is crouch gait and with which condition is it most commonly associated?
• Which tool is commonly used to supplement instrumented gait analysis by providing timed spatial data?
• Name the major sagittal-plane joints involved in gait and summarize their primary functional roles.
• In gait analysis, inverse dynamics provides outputs such as which of the following?
• In midstance, knee extension occurs with what level of muscle activity?
• During the 3rd rocker, which of the following describes the weight-bearing arrangement?
• What is the typical stance-swing duty cycle and the approximate percentage of the gait cycle spent in double support for a healthy adult?
• Terminal swing is defined as which of the following?
• What event marks the start of the pre-swing subphase in stance?
• In knee osteoarthritis, which gait parameter is typically increased?
• Which clinical test is positive in sensory ataxia to support diagnosis?
• During stance, the inverted pendulum energy exchange helps do what?
• During midstance, which hip action occurs?
• Stiff-knee gait is characterized by reduced knee flexion during which phase?
• What percentage of gait is initial swing?
• How is knee extension in midstance accomplished?
• Which phase is primarily associated with the forefoot acting as a lever during propulsion?
• Gait is often referred to as?
• At what point in the gait cycle is potential energy highest?
• What are the three main external ground reaction force (GRF) features observed during the stance phase and what they reflect.
• How is EMG used in gait labs and what information does it provide?
• What percentage of gait is the initial contact?
• What are the three periods of swing phase?
• What is the definition of terminal stance?
• Describe gait implications of plantarflexor spasticity.
• What parameter reflects the energy cost of walking per distance and how is it measured?
• In the stance phase, which period follows initial contact and precedes mid stance?
• What are three main modalities of gait assessment in a clinic?
• What percent of gait is terminal swing?
• In the first rocker, from initial contact to loading response, which muscle action is described?
• Which elements of the upper body contribute to forward propulsion and gait efficiency?
• Define double support time and discuss why it increases in slower or impaired gait.
• What is vaulting, and when does it occur during gait?
• Define 'step width' and its significance for balance during gait.
• Where does the center of pressure on the foot indicate mass transfer?
• What does force plate analysis measure in gait?
• Force plate data are used to compute joint kinetics using which method?
• Which of the following is NOT a typical output of inverse dynamics in gait analysis?
• Cadence is defined as what?
• Which phase begins at 30% of the gait cycle?
• What percentage of gait is terminal stance?
• What is the functional task of mid/late stance?
• Define antalgic gait and explain its typical temporal pattern.
• List the sequence of events in the stance phase from heel strike to toe-off.
• Which signs are typically associated with cerebellar ataxia?
• What is created in response to ground reaction force during the gait cycle to remain upright?
• What best describes the inverted pendulum concept in stance?
• Which of the following statements about AFOs and gait is accurate?
• What is the definition of pre swing?
• In post-stroke gait, which temporal-spatial changes are commonly observed?
• The initial contact of the gait cycle occurs during which period?
• During the 3rd rocker, the ankle joint experiences which motion?
• What is GAITRite and what does it measure in gait analysis?
• How can you clinically differentiate sensory ataxic gait from cerebellar ataxic gait?
• What is one alternative theory of gait?
• What are the prerequisites of mid/late stance gait?
• Which rocker occurs when the heel rotates over the forefoot?
• During midstance, which event occurs?
• Which GRF component most closely reflects weight shift between limbs?
• What does the path of pressure on the plantar foot surface look like on a prosthesis?
• What are the four periods of stance phase?
• Distinguish between kinematics and kinetics in gait analysis.
• What clinical signs indicate knee effusion or pain affecting gait?
• Compared with walking, running typically has which energy characteristic per distance?
• Two functional units of gait?
• Which phase of gait includes the first rocker?
• During the second rocker, which phase occurs and what is the primary muscle action?
• Which of the following is NOT a determinant of gait?
• Rocker mechanisms during stance are designed to primarily:
• What is a commonly cited effect of step width on balance and fall risk?
• List typical Parkinsonian gait features and explain their biomechanical basis.
• What compensatory pattern may occur with reduced push-off due to plantarflexor weakness?
• What is the clinical significance of hip abductor weakness on gait (Trendelenburg sign)?
• Steppage gait is typically characterized by which feature?
• Which are the swing-phase subphases?
• Which description best characterizes gait?
• Describe Trendelenburg gait and identify the muscle weakness that commonly causes it.
• Which determinant involves lateral pelvic displacement?
• Normative walking velocity and cadence vary with which factors?
• Rocker mechanisms during gait primarily serve to
• The typical gait cycle is split into two phases.
• The 3rd rocker operates during which transition in gait?
• During the second rocker, the tibia rotates over the foot. Which statement best reflects this?
• Which term describes the body segments moving together through gait?
• What practice approach most effectively promotes motor relearning and cortical reorganization after stroke?
• What percentage of gait is loading response?
• During terminal swing, the knee undergoes which action?
• Which sequence describes the muscles contributing to swing limb advancement?
• Describe the relationship between gait speed and energy cost per distance.
• What are the temporal parameters of gait?
• How do age-related changes appear in normative gait parameters?
• Rocker mechanisms during stance primarily serve to what?
• What term describes the gait phase from heel contact as the foot rotates over the heel?
• Which rocker involves the ankle plantar flexing over a fixed forefoot?
• What is the functional task of swing prep and swing gait?
• What is the toe-off rocker mechanism in gait and its functional significance?
• How can gait training improve neuroplasticity after stroke?
• Which statement best captures the energy-related purpose of rockers?
• Which statement defines the loading response phase?
• Stride length is the distance between what events?
• In terms of gait efficiency, rocker mechanisms primarily act to:
• In the swing phase, which period occurs first after toe-off?
• Which statement correctly describes the toe-off phase?
• Which phase includes knee near full extension as a critical event?
• What is limb-length discrepancy and how does it influence gait symmetry?
• Which rocker describes the phase in which the tibia moves forward over the ankle?
• What percentage of gait is midstance?
• Which set of terms constitutes the swing periods?
• What is the definition of initial contact of the gait cycle?
• What are the typical clinical signs of hip contracture that alter gait mechanics?
• Which action helps prepare the foot for stance during terminal swing?
• What is the functional task of early stance?